高德地图api的调用方法

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前言

高德地图开放平台有很多提供开发者使用的工具，https://lbs.amap.com/，访问官网注册。

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一、创建应用获取key，选择api类型

在开放平台里面注册后，打开我的应用，并创建应用，回到首页点击开发支持里的web服务API，里面有大量的说明文档和类型接口，开发者可以根据实际情况选择，操作上基本上大同小异。

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二、使用步骤

这里以调用路径规划里的骑行路径规划为例子。

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1.分析接口组成（参数类型，含义等）

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这里提到一个url和get方法，还有一些必要参数，下面直接上代码：

import requests # 导入requests
import re # 正则等下会应用到提参
if __name__ == '__main__':

    url = 'https://restapi.amap.com/v4/direction/bicycling?'
    params = {
        'key': 'c26090cfad60515aa67024f2c4c644db', # 应用key值
        'origin': 'origin', # 输入起点经纬度
        'destination': 'destination', # 输入终点经纬度
        'output': 'json'# 输出格数 可以是xml 这里为了方便直接json
        }
    r = requests.get(url=url, params=params).text 
    # get请求后面除了带上url,还有参数集params

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pycharm输出：

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json如下：

是不是很乱，下面我们来清洗数据

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2.分析json属性值

代码如下（示例）：

"destination":"116.465302,40.004717","origin":"116.481028,39.989643"
"paths"：[]
"orientation"：""
.
.
.
@等等，包括方向，距离，道路名称的都是需要的吧
@这里直接用上正则来匹配它们，为什么不用xpath，bs4？后者对于json格式来说操作性不灵活，所以这里直接上手正则


distance_data = '"distance":(.*?),'
duration_data = '"duration":(.*?),'
action_data = '"action":"(.*?)"'
instruction_data = '"instruction":"(.*?)"'
orientation_data = '"orientation":"(.*?)"'
polyline_data = '"polyline":"(.*?)"'
road_data = '"instruction":"(.*?)"'
steps_data = '"steps":(.*?),"errcode"'


distance_list = re.findall(distance_data, r)
duration_list = re.findall(duration_data, r)
action_list = action_debug
instruction_list = re.findall(instruction_data, r)
orientation_list = re.findall(orientation_data, r)
polyline_list = re.findall(polyline_data, r)
road_list = re.findall(road_data, r)

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3.每种属性值提取后，可以优化使用

    n = len(action_debug)
    print('一共' + str(n) + '步')
    for a in range(n):
        print("第" + str(a) + '步')
        distance_list = re.findall(distance_data, r)[a]
        duration_list = re.findall(duration_data, r)[a]
        action_list = action_debug[a]
        instruction_list = re.findall(instruction_data, r)[a]
        orientation_list = re.findall(orientation_data, r)[a]
        polyline_list = re.findall(polyline_data, r)[a]
        road_list = re.findall(road_data, r)[a]

给一个循环让输出值按一步步来实现，更加直观。

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   origin = input('inter a origin:  ' + str(''))
   destination = input('inter a destination:  ' + str(''))

  'origin': origin,
  'destination': destination,

经纬度可以自由填写

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全部代码

import requests
import re

distance_data = '"distance":(.*?),'
duration_data = '"duration":(.*?),'
action_data = '"action":"(.*?)"'
instruction_data = '"instruction":"(.*?)"'
orientation_data = '"orientation":"(.*?)"'
polyline_data = '"polyline":"(.*?)"'
road_data = '"instruction":"(.*?)"'
steps_data = '"steps":(.*?),"errcode"'

origin = input('inter a origin:  ' + str(''))
destination = input('inter a destination:  ' + str(''))

if __name__ == '__main__':

    url = 'https://restapi.amap.com/v4/direction/bicycling?'
    params = {
        'key': 'c26090cfad60515aa67024f2c4c644db',
        'origin': origin,
        'destination': destination,
        'output': 'json'}
    r = requests.get(url=url, params=params).text
    print(r)
    steps_list = re.findall(steps_data, r)[0]
    action_debug = re.findall(action_data, r)
    str_list = ['']
    n = len(action_debug)
    print('一共' + str(n) + '步')
    for i in range(n):
        if action_debug[i] in str_list:
            action_debug[i] = 'none'
            print(action_debug)
    for a in range(n):
        print("第" + str(a) + '步')
        distance_list = re.findall(distance_data, r)[a]
        duration_list = re.findall(duration_data, r)[a]
        action_list = action_debug[a]
        instruction_list = re.findall(instruction_data, r)[a]
        orientation_list = re.findall(orientation_data, r)[a]
        polyline_list = re.findall(polyline_data, r)[a]
        road_list = re.findall(road_data, r)[a]

        print(distance_list, duration_list, action_list, instruction_list, orientation_list, polyline_list, road_list)